The cervidae family.

Part three the fallow deer.

Fallow deer were introduced to Britain by the Normans in the 11`th century. They were one of the first conservationists, due to the fact that although the Normans hunted them they still allowed enough numbers to breed and develop into a healthy population. Fallow deer can be found in woodlands and parks. They feed mainly on grass and shrubbery in mixed woodland. They will often be seen sheltering together in the undergrowth. The males are called bucks, the females are called does. The fawns are born singly in June, often being hidden in the grass. The bucks can stand up to one meter in height at the shoulder and can weigh up to eighty five kilometer`s. The bucks have broad bladed antlers that are quite distinctive amongst British deers. Rutting for fallow deer is between October and November. At the rut the male uses his antlers to rub his head against saplings to mark his territory, he also frays the bark. He will also thrash his antlers against various branches and bushes, the fallow will bellow out loudly aswell (their call is a big like barking noise) , he will also scrape the ground with his hooves and mark it with his urine. Rival bucks will fight fiercely  for the right to mate with the does, who will come into season for a short period. Away form the rutting stands the bucks will together happily in herds. Their summer coat is typically chestnut brown with white spots with a white rump, their winter coat is a darker colour, they also have a long black and white tail. Menil deers can be pale brown with white spots, but fallows may also be black or white in clour aswell.

Habitats.

Part seven life among redwoods.

In Britain the coast redwood is an impressive tree that has already reached a height of 140 ft(43 meter`s). In its home on northern california`s pacific coast, it has become the tallest living thing on earth, reaching more than 360 ft (110 meter`s). It is remarkably long-lived as it will always throw out new shoots after a tree has fallen, and specimens in America have lived for more than 2,500 years. The oldest and largest stand of redwoods in Britain is the charles ackers redwood grove near welshpool, in powys. Unswept branches and a conical shape distinguish the dawn redwood from the taller coast redwood. Woodland and shave loving plants such as red campion, ivy and herb robert, and plants of grassy places such as common vetch and birds foot trefoil thrive among redwoods. When the branches of a coast redwood in the redwood grove near welshpool were driven into the ground as the tree fell, the branches on the upper side of the fallen trunk developed into young trees. After a tree has been felled, coppice shoots spring vigorously from the cut stump, and some will grow into new trees. Treecreepers hollow out roosting places in the redwoods soft bark. Tawny owls may also be seen amongst the redwood forest, they roost amongst the redwood branches.

The cervidae family.

Part two the roe deer.

The roe deer is Britain's smallest indigenous deer. They are mainly found in woodlands,grassland and on moors. They feed mainly on tree shoots and shrubs, and can sometimes be seen feeding with muntjac deer. The male roe deer is called a buck, the female is called a doe and the young are killed kids. The roe deer rut isn`t the spectacular affair of the fallow,sika or red deer ruts.During early summer the males will clash over their territory, this is much earlier than any other deer. The males will rarely fight. When the males and the females finally come together  they end up in whats called a roe ring, its then up to the female as to when they finally mate. This is when they go round in circles and flatten all of the vegetation in a figure of eight. The roe deer has virtually no tail and are a lovely fox red colour with a buff patch on its rump,this changes to white in winter. The doe has a long tuft of hair  hanging on her rump. The roe deers coat changes to a greyish colour during winter.They are the only British deer to have antlers clean of velvet when they grow again around January. Their antlers are cast in October or November, they have on them whats called a purlong, this is used to scrape against a bark stripped tree to mark a territory, as in between his antlers he has a scent gland.  The purlong is along the inside and the outside of his antlers, the male normally has three points on  his antlers. The roe deer kids are born singly in June with white spots on them, the hind will have up to three and its not un-common for the hind to give birth to twins. The roe deer is the only British hoofed mammal in which implantation of the egg is delayed. The implantation of the fertilized egg occurs in December. At first the hind will leave her kids in long grass for long periods during the day. This is mainly for protection as they are quite small and frail on their feet. The buck is about seventy five centimeters tall at the shoulder with the doe being about seventy centimeters tall. The buck weighs about twenty five kilograms. They make a short barking noise when they are calling out.